Student leaders have pulled the mat out from 60 University of Ottawa students, ending a free on-campus yoga class over fears the teachings could be seen as a form of "cultural appropriation."
当学生领袖们从渥太华大学的同学手中接过最后一块瑜伽垫,也就宣告了这一拥有60名学生的免费校园瑜伽课程的结束。由于害怕会被视为一种“文化挪用”的现象,这一课程已被迫停课。
Jennifer Scharf, who has been offering free weekly yoga instruction to students since 2008, says she was shocked when told in September the program would be suspended, and saddened when she learned of the reasoning.
Jennifer Scharf,自2008年来一直每周为学生们提供免费的瑜伽教学,她在九月获悉这一消息的时候感到十分震惊,而当她得知原因为何后,更是感到悲哀。
Staff at the Centre for Students with Disabilities believe that "while yoga is a really great idea and accessible and great for students ... there are cultural issues of implication involved in the practice," according to an email from the centre.
残疾学生中心的工作人员认为“虽然教习瑜伽对于学生来说无疑是一个伟大的想法,但在实践中会涉及关于其内涵的诸多文化问题的”。他们在一封邮件中提到了这样的观点。
The centre is operated by the university's Student Federation, which first approached Scharf seven years ago about offering yoga instruction to students both with and without disabilities.
该中心是由大学的学生联合会运作,他们第一次接触Jennifer的瑜伽课,是在七年以前,原因是Jennifer亦为残疾学生提供瑜伽教学。
The centre goes on to say, "Yoga has been under a lot of controversy lately due to how it is being practiced," and which cultures those practices "are being taken from."
残疾学生中心还表示,瑜伽课程近来饱受争议的原因正是它开展的方式和瑜伽课程的文化来源。
The centre official argues since many of those cultures "have experienced oppression, cultural genocide and diasporas due to colonialism and western supremacy ... we need to be mindful of this and how we express ourselves while practising yoga."
该中心官员认为这世界上许多文化“都经历了压迫,文化灭绝和移民。这都是殖民主义和西方霸权文化造成的,我们需要在学习瑜伽课之前先存有这层认识,而当我们练习瑜伽时,需要留意以此种方式来表达自己是否妥当。”
The concept of cultural appropriation is normally applied when a dominant culture borrows symbols of a marginalized culture for dubious reasons -- such as the fad of hipsters donning indigenous headdresses as a fashion statement, without any regard to cultural significance or stereotype.
“文化挪用(cultral appropriation)”的概念通常应用在主流文化为了某种值得怀疑的目的将边缘文化的象征物擅自借用的行为上——如嬉皮士穿戴原住民头饰作为一种时尚的潮流,而这一行为没有考虑其中的文化意义和可能传播的刻板印象。
But Scharf, a yoga teacher with the downtown Rama Lotus Centre, said the concept does not apply in this case, arguing the complaint that killed the program came instead from a "social justice warrior" with "fainting heart ideologies" in search of a cause celebre.
但Jennifer,作为市中心Rama Lotos Centre的瑜伽老师声称这一概念并不适用于此次事件,并认为使用这一概念的人虽然自称是 “社会正义战士”,其实是怀着一种扭曲的心理意识形态,旨在赚取大众关注。
"People are just looking for a reason to be offended by anything they can find," said Scharf.
"There's a real divide between reasonable people and those people just looking to jump on a bandwagon. And unfortunately, it ends up with good people getting punished for doing good things."
“人们只是想找个理由发泄愤怒罢了。”Jennifer说,“有理性的人与只是想赶时髦的人之间有着真正的鸿沟,而且不幸的是,好人做好事却受到惩罚。”
There were about 60 students who participated in the free program.
据悉,有大约60名学生参加了这一免费瑜伽课程。
Acting student federation president Romeo Ahimakin denied the decision resulted from a complaint.
学生联合会代理主席Romeo Ahimakin否认停课的原因来自单方面的投诉。
Ahimakin said the student federation put the yoga session on hiatus while they consult with students "to make it better, more accessible and more inclusive to certain groups of people that feel left out in yoga-like spaces. ... We are trying to have those sessions done in a way in which students are aware of where the spiritual and cultural aspects come from, so that these sessions are done in a respectful manner."
Ahimakin认为学生联合会叫停瑜伽课,是“想让他们为了那些感觉瑜伽课有些名不副实的人,把瑜伽课做得更好,更容易接受和更具包容性…我们正试图以这样一种方式来完善这些课程,学生们都能清晰地认识瑜伽课程的精神和文化背景。这样该课程会更受尊重。”
Scharf offered a compromise, suggesting she change the name from yoga to "mindful stretching," since that would reflect the content of the program and would "literally change nothing about the course."
Jennifer提出了一个折中方案,她建议把课程名修改为“精神舒展课”因为这既能体现课程内容,而且“字面意义上完全没有改变这堂课。”
"I'm not pretending to be some enlightened yogi master, and the point (of the program) isn't to educate people on the finer points of the ancient yogi scripture," she told the Sun.
“我并不想要假装成已开悟的瑜伽大师,我开瑜伽课的目的并不是教授人们古瑜伽圣经中的精华,”
"The point is to get people to have higher physical awareness for their own physical health and enjoyment."
“瑜伽课的目的是增强人们对身体健康的意识,并从中获得享受。”
According to email correspondence between Scharf and the centre, student leaders debated rebranding the program, but stumbled over how the French translation for "mindful stretching" would appear on a promotional poster, and eventually decided to suspend the program.
根据Jennifer和残疾学生中心之间的电邮往来来看,学生领袖讨曾讨论过为该课程更名,但纠结于“精神舒展”在宣传海报上的法语翻译,最终决定将瑜伽课停掉。
Student federation official Julie Seguin sympathized with Scharf over e-mail, defending the use of the term "yoga," and saying, "I am also still of the opinion that a single complaint does not outweigh all of the good that these classes have done."
学生联合会官员Julie Seguin向Jennifer发过一封邮件表示同情,并支持她捍卫“瑜伽”一词的使用,Julie在邮件中说,“我仍然认为单凭投诉无法抹杀你这堂瑜伽课所做的一切。”
Seguin said "labeling the CSD's yoga lessons as cultural appropriation is questionable (and) debatable" and called on further discussion with the student executive.
Julie说“把开设瑜伽课当作‘文化挪用’现象,是有问题的(和)值得商榷的。”并呼吁学生会对此进行更深入的探讨。
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(实习编辑:李祺垣)