英语写作无疑是困扰很多准留学生的一大难题,即便你通过托福、雅思、GRE的重重考验,但要应对国外的学习与生活,你的英语写作水平真的达到要求了吗?
写作是主动生产英语的最高阶段,我们的学生很难在写作时左右逢源。是因为缺乏系统的知识导致的思想匮乏,因此要想提高写作水平必须要系统地学习某方面的知识,最好是自己感兴趣的学科,由读,看,听来逐步建立起自己的知识体系,在这个过程中要注意总结,搜集和自己相同,或和自己品位相同的观点,同时要注意观察身边的事物和现象,多思考,长期练习必然会有结果。
写作从某种意义上说是意念即观点的生成和在现实世界中的直接和间接经验,获得意念也就是写什么的问题应该通过增加知识来解决,有很多中获得知识的方法,如读书,听课,看视频,社会实践,刚开始学习要充分尊重自己的想法,只看自己喜欢的,没有喜欢的要发展自己喜欢的学科,在学习过程中要搜集和自己相似的观点和论据久而久之我们自然能形成自己比较有个性的思维方式,其实在学习过程中人的观点不断被丰富和补充,最终形成丰富的思想。例如下列有趣的观点(内容来自电影对白或者书籍):
Oh, God, you know, there’s nothing more certain to ruin a beautiful relationship than marriage. As soon as you get that ring around the finger, okay, suddenly you have an ownership situation. Prior to that, it’s friendly; you’re kind to each other.”
----Hustler
People love violence; they’ll slow down at a car wreck to look for bodies. Some people claim to love boxing; they got no idea what it is. Boxing is about respect, getting it for yourself and taking it away from the other guy.
----Million dollar baby
You don’t have to beat the horse to run faster. Sometimes he actually accelerates if you stop whipping him. We quit whipping the horse and things improved.
Gordon Bethune (chairman of Continental Airlines)
Passive acceptance of the teacher's wisdom is easy to most boys and girls. It involves no effort of independent thought, and seems rational because the teacher knows more than his pupils; it is moreover the way to win the favor of the teacher unless he is a very exceptional man. Yet the habit of passive acceptance is a disastrous one in later life. It causes man to seek and to accept a leader, and to accept as a leader whoever is established in that position.
写文章永远要记住简明扼要,逻辑性层次性强,要熟悉英语思维方式,演绎法,归纳法,转折语(例子)比如:
Deductive argument asserts that the conclusion follows necessarily from the truth of the premises. For example:
All men are mortal. Joe is a man. Therefore Joe is mortal. If the first two statements are true, then the conclusion must be true.
Inductive argument asserts that the conclusion follows, not necessarily, but only probably from the truth of the premises. For example:
This cat is black. That cat is black A third cat is black. Therefore all cats are black.
This marble from the bag is black. . That marble from the bag is black. A third marble from the bag is black. Therefore all the marbles in the bag black. .
观点的生成是一个长期过程,是经验和知识以及悟性的综合体现,我们现在最需要的是补充有效的知识,而不是枯燥无味不切实际的知识,对于某方面的知识要不遗余力地搜集整理消化活学活用,经过长期应用就可以形成观点,每一方面的专家都不同程度上受到自己专业的影响,比如面对万里长城,文学家,建筑师,商人,艺术家,历史学家,政治家,所得到的感受是不同的,让他们讲长城他们很可能受自己专业知识的影响,带出自己的专业痕迹。所谓三句话不离本行。观点是凝聚在某事物和某事件上的主观认识,是判断和行动的基础。对于某一概念和现象的丰富知识是生成观念和进行分析的重要前提,比如对于量子力学,我们只知道这个词汇而已,而爱因斯坦可以写多部著作,又比如骷髅党,如果没有这方面的知识做这方面的写作就无从下手。所以我们一定要找准自己的方向多做储备,到时候无论什么话题我们也能即兴做个演讲或写作了,灵感只属于有知识储备的人的。另外写作不仅要收集和自己品位相同的观点还要建立起和自己风格相符的语言风格,这样以来你的文章既有鲜明的思想又有独特的语言风格,同时又能有效避免无病呻吟,言之无物。同学们相信你们都有自己独特的观察视角,独特的品味和敏锐的目光,还有一颗充满朝气的精神,那我们就不用在惧怕写作和亮出自己的观点了,让写作在我们思想的利剑下瑟瑟发抖吧。
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