1月16日为美国著名平权运动领袖马丁路德金纪念日。马丁路德金,除大家广为熟知的我有一个梦想演讲,早期曾参与多次争取自由平等的民权运动。比如1955年黑人女孩乘车拒绝给白人让座事件引发长达一年的蒙哥马利公车抵制运动。马丁路德金作为此次运动领袖参与其中。
In March 1955, a fifteen-year-old school girl in Montgomery, Claudette Colvin, refused to give up her bus seat to a white man in compliance with Jim Crow laws, local regulations in the Southern United States that enforced racial segregation. King was on the committee from the Birmingham African-American community that looked into the case; because Colvin was pregnant and unmarried, E. D. Nixon and Clifford Durr decided to wait for a better case to pursue.
On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat.The Montgomery bus boycott, urged and planned by Nixon and led by King, soon followed.The boycott lasted for 385 days, and the situation became so tense that King's house was bombed. King was arrested during this campaign, which concluded with a United States District Court ruling in Browder v. Gayle that ended racial segregation on all Montgomery public buses.King's role in the bus boycott transformed him into a national figure and the best-known spokesman of the civil rights movement.
由于他与广大黑人不断的努力,美国政府取消对地方运输工具上的座位隔离。这一运动距离美国第一位黑人总统奥巴马卸任,已61年。
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(编辑:秦洁)